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Title : SystemPlus Reveals that iPhone X IR Imager is SOI-based
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SystemPlus Reveals that iPhone X IR Imager is SOI-based

EETimes publishes Junko Yoshida's article based on Yole Developpement and SystemPlus Consulting analysis of Apple iPhone X TrueDepth design. The biggest surprise is that ST IR imager is using SOI process, said to be the first such sensor in mass production:

SystemPlus and Yole "deduced that silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers are being used in near-infrared (NIR) imaging sensors. They noted that SOI has played a key role in improving the sensitivity of NIR sensors — developed by STMicroelectronics — to meet Apple’s stringent demands.

Pierre Cambou, activity leader for imaging and sensors at Yole Développement, called the SOI-based NIR image sensors “a very interesting milestone for SOI.”

Apple’s adoption of ST’s NIR sensors marks the debut of SOI in mass production for image sensors, noted Cambou. “Image sensors are characterized by large surface due to the physical size of light. Therefore, this is a great market to be in for a substrate supplier” like Soitec, he added.

Yole and System Plus Consulting found inside ST’s NIR sensor “the use of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) on top of deep-trench isolation (DTI).” DTI is deployed to prevent leakage between photodiodes. Apple reportedly etched literal trenches between each one, then filled the trenches with insulating material that stops electric current.

Optically speaking, Cambou explained that SOI wafers are advantageous because the insulator layer functions like a mirror. “Infrared light penetrates deeper, and it reflects back to the active layer,” he noted. Electrically speaking, Cambou noted, SOI improves NIR’s sensitivity largely because it’s good at minimizing leakage within the pixel. The improved sensitivity provides good image contrast.

Asked if ST’s NIR sensors are using FD-SOI or SOI wafers, Cambou said that the research firms couldn’t tell.

Asked about surprises unearthed by the teardown, Cambou cited the size of ST’s NIR sensor chip. It measures 25mm2, and has only 1.4 megapixels due to the large 2.8-μm pixel size."

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